What is the primary function of a pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system?

The primary function of a pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system is to limit maximum pressure from the pump. In hydraulic systems, maintaining a safe pressure level is crucial to ensure the longevity and reliability of the components. The pressure relief valve plays an essential role by opening at a predetermined pressure to allow hydraulic fluid to flow back to the reservoir or return line, effectively preventing the system from exceeding its design limits.

By doing so, the relief valve protects various components within the hydraulic system, such as hoses, seals, and actuators, from potential damage caused by excessive pressure. This function is especially important in systems where the pump might generate pressures higher than what the system components can withstand.

While other options describe functions related to hydraulic systems, they do not pertain to the primary role of the pressure relief valve. For instance, increasing system pressure or filtering impurities are functions that are managed by different components within a hydraulic system. Similarly, cooling the hydraulic fluid is typically achieved through heat exchangers or cooling systems, not through a pressure relief valve.